Fastener



MACKENZIE, now

iplied "are t ght the fasteners UNITED STATES.

PATENT OFFICE.

CECILIA MARGARET MACKENZIE OF LONDON, AND JESSIE EV ANGELI'N E MACKENZIE,

DECEASED, LATE OF LONDON, "ENGLAND, BY CECIL-IA MARGARET MACKENZIE,

EXECUTRIX, ASSIGNORS T0 CARR FASTENER COMPANY, OF CAMBRIDGE, MASSA- CHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF .MAINE.

FASTENER.

Specification of Reissued Letters I'atent.

Reissued Nov. 2. 1920.

originai appli oation filed November 22,1913, serial No. 802,527. Renewed september 7, 1918, Serial No.

253,079. Original .No. 1,283,245, dated October 29, 1918. Application'for reissue filed August 23,

1919. Serial No. 319,499.

' To all whom it may concern Be it known that 'QECILIA .MARGARET MACKENZIE, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, and now residing at No. 20 Tavisto'ck road,'in the county of London, England, and Jnssrn EvANenLINE v deceased, formerly a subject of the King of Grreat Britain. and Ireland, and late of No. 35 Dover street, in

the County of London, England, invented 1 certain new and useful Improvements in lowing is a specification.

This invention relates to spring fasteners, especially of the type usually known as glove fasteners or press, studs which are and Relating to Fasteners, of which the follargely used for fastening materials or gar- 'ments of many kinds.

Ordinary press stud fasteners as used in large numbers have the disadvantage that when the -arments to which are easily unfastened at the wrong time, although. the springs are suflicient to retain the fasten- 111% when the garments are loose.

pecial arrangements, of spring studs have been proposed but we have found by experiment that they have disadvantages either they are intended for loose garments and become undone if subjected to 'much stress or they can only be applied on garments which keeptliem'in a state ofstress,

becoming undone the garments be loose; or again, difficulty occurs in fastening-and unfastening.

According to our jinventidnfb which these diflicultiesare overcome, we take a press studof ordinary form *with afcentral dome through which springs project tending to keep the'other part of the stud in the center of the domeand drill orotherwise cut a small hole through the dome at a lace in the edge and through the base plate. Eve find'i'n this way'that with loose garments the improvedstud acts as an ordi. nary stud and is used as such, the additional hole ha.ving'practically no effect; with'tight garments or when stresses occur, although the stud is fastened and unfastened as an the P- particular formation is iven ters Patent is v f 1. A spring element of a spring press stud with a'central dome, spring wires extending 1 Fig s5 and 6 show the other element in elevation and plan respectively.

I The drawings, which'illustrate one manner of carrying the invention into effect,

show a press stud of well known form except that a smallhole 'c' is drilled partly through the crown d and partly through the flange e. The hole may be of difl'erent shape 'to that shown; it maybe formed otherwise 'thanby drilli g.

In use the head f'bf the lower member g is pushed'into the crown-d past springs b exactly as with the usual fastener.

When stresses occur in the material, instead of the fastener being pulled open the head 7, is drawn into the hole 0 where it is practicallyunacted upon by the springs b Y but where it becomes securely locked because the head f cannot pass through the hole whichis'made of sufiiciently small diameter,

'andthe'neck h ofthe head engages with the edge 2 of the hole. In this way central en- "try of the'head f is obtained and slight motion is permitted after fastening, giving a press stud which is easy to fasten and which does not become unfast'ened in use.

It will be quite well appreciated that this b as an example only and'may be modified.

Having now described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Lettherethrough parallel to each other and to a diameter and situate on each side of the aforesaid diameter, the dome being perforated at its edge on the same diameter.

2. A spring element of a spring press Referringtothe accompanying diagram stud with a dome and a flange, spring wires extending through the dome parallel to each other and to a diameter and situate on each side of the aforesaid diameter, a small hole being cut inpart at the edge of the dome on the same diameter and in part in the flange contiguous thereto. v

3. A spring element of a spring press stud with a central dome, a flange and a turned-over rim, a Spring wire held in th'e" rim, the two ends extending through the dome parallel to each other and to a diameter and situate on each side of the aforesaid diameter, and a small hole being cut in part through the edge of the dome and in part through the flange adjacent thereto on the same aforesaid diameter. a

4. A stud and socket fastener comprising a symmetrical stud having a head and a neck, a socket having a plate provided with an aperture to pass the stud and spring means for engaging the neck to retain the stud, said plate also having an aperture communicating "with the first, thecornmunieating opening being less than the diameter of the neck.

5. A stud and ing a symmetrical stud having a head a neck, a socket having a plate provided with an aperturevto pass the stud, opposed springs for engaging the neck toretain the stud, said plate also havingan apertu re communicating with the first between the springs, the communicating opening being less than the diameter :of the neck.

6. A stud and socket fastener comprisingsa symmetrical, headed stud and a cooperating socket having an opening providing a passage for said head, spring means-adjacent the opening to engage :the neck, said'opening having a narrowed lat- -era'l extension providing a wedging engagement with the neck of the stud when the studis drawn laterally of the socket.

' 7. A stud and socket snap fastener comprising a stud having a head and-Va neck, the nnder side of said'rhead sloping-{gently toward the neck, and a socket ofthe dome type having thedome partially cut away to provide edgesinterlocking with the under side of the head of said stud under lateral strain between stud and socket but-.pro :portioned to -limit displacement ofsaid fastener and permit it to be separated by direct axial strain between stud and socket.

' '8; A stud and socket fastener comprising a stud having a head andaw neck and -a socket of the dome type providing interiorly 0f the dome means for interlocking the head orfpthe stud at spaced points under lateral strain but proportionedto release-the head to a di rect axial strain. M

--9. A stud and socket fastener comprisin 'ga lhea'ded stud, a socket having a centric socket fastener compris- 1a. A, stud inga headed stud and a cooperating socket.

ing having an extension providing marginal portions interlocking withvthe' head of the stud iunder lateral strain while leaving the same also held by the resilient means.

.10. A stud and socket fastener com-prising a headed stud, a socket having a centric group of resilient stud-engaging means and having an opening to pass the stud when presentedcentrally to said group, said opening having an extension partially to receive the stud and interlock on yielding of said means under lateral strain but proportioned to release the stud on direct axial strain.

11. A stud and socket snap fastener comprising a stud havinga head and a sloping shoulder behind said head, asocke't having resilientmeans for engaging the stud and a plate with an opening providing access of the stud to said means, said opening having a narrowed lateral portion wedgingly toen-gag'e he under. side of the head of the-stud on lateral strain.

112..A stud and socket snap fastener comprising, in combination, "a stud and a socket having an opening to receive the same and providing means to engage the under side of the head of the vstudat the extremities of a chord of .a transverse section therethroughwhen the .stud is draw-n laterally of the opening1 in the socket, said stud and socket separab e by relative tipping'move- ,ment of greater angularity than that pro- .duced by the resolution of forcesunder lateral strain.

.13. 'A stud and socket fastener comprising, -1Il combination, a .stud having a head and a neck and a SOCkBteplittQ having an opening to pass the, head and providing, points to engage the neck at the extremities )of a chord thereof, .when drawn laterally.

and "socket. fastener comprishaving an opening providing a passage for said head, which opening has a relatively restricted lateral extension in which the ;:stud mayenter but. not seat under lateral strain.

'. 15,. A stud and socket fastener comprisinga stud and acoiiperating socket having ;one or more retain-ingsprings for said head and having an opening providing a passage ,for said head, which opening presents margi-nally p-rojectionsfor hearing at spaced points on the'stud when thelatteris drawn thereagainst by lateral strain. 16. ;A stud and socket fastener comprismg a headed stud and a socket having spring means for retaining the. stud, said socket including a plate having an opening through which the-stud may be passed to engage said spring, said plate also having MARGARET MACKENZIE has signed her name a recess marginally of said opening to rehereto, in her own behalf and as executrix ceive the stud under lateral strain, said reof the said Jnssm EVANGELINE MACKENZIE. 10

cess being so restricted in size as to permit 5 the stud to be drawn therefrom and from CECIL MARGARET MACKENZIE- the socket by direct axial strain. I For herself and as emecutm'w of J essie Emm- In testimony whereof the said CEGILIA geline Mackenzie, deceased. 

